Recreational boat use is on the rise. The truth is, more and more families and groups of friends are opting for a day at the beach by venturing into the sea. However, alongside this trend, numerous questions arise. What nautical certifications are necessary? Is it important to have a navigation certificate? And what about a boating license?
Navigation License (Titulín)
Firstly, it’s important to note that recreational boating certifications are only valid for the operation of recreational boats and jet skis registered in Spain, provided they are intended for recreational activities (excluding commercial transport, cargo, passenger transport, or non-sport fishing activities).
In this regard, there are theoretical and practical exam programs defined by Royal Decree 875/2014 of October 10. Once passed, a card certifying the possession of the title will be issued. These cards are valid for 10 years, renewable every 10 years (5 years for individuals over 70).
On the other hand, there are certain boats for which no certification is required. These include motorized boats with a maximum power of 11.26 kW and up to 5 meters in length, sailboats up to 6 meters in length, and floating or beach artifacts (excluding jet skis). These vessels should not venture more than 2 nautical miles from the port or shelter, and the activity should take place during daylight hours.
Basic Navigation Pattern (PNB)
The PNB, or Basic Navigation Pattern, is a certification that involves a theoretical exam structured in 6 units. It tests general nautical terminology and basic collision prevention principles. Additionally, mandatory 8-hour practical training and submission of a nautical medical certificate are required.
This title allows the operation of recreational boats with either motor or sail, up to 8 meters in length, as long as the vessel does not move more than 5 miles from a port, marina, or shelter.
Recreational Boat Skipper (PER)
The PER, or Recreational Boat Skipper, is a certification obtained after passing a theoretical exam on eleven topics, ranging from basic nautical terminology to plotting courses on navigation charts. Practical training of 16 hours and submission of a nautical medical certificate are also mandatory.
It authorizes the command of recreational boats, both motor and sail, up to 15 meters in length (24 with an extension), allowing navigation up to 12 miles parallel to the coast, both day and night. It also enables navigation between islands in the Balearic and Canary archipelagos, and the journey from the peninsula to the Balearic archipelago with the extension. Additionally, it grants the ability to operate jet skis, following specific navigation limitations that match their technical attributes. This certification is possibly the most popular among nautical enthusiasts in Spain.
Differences between PY (Yacht Skipper) and CY (Yacht Captain)
Although PY (Yacht Skipper) and CY (Yacht Captain) terms are sometimes confused, they are entirely different concepts. The main difference lies in the distance each certification allows for navigation. With the Yacht Skipper title, it is possible to navigate up to a maximum distance of 150 nautical miles, while the Yacht Captain certification has no distance limitations or geographical restrictions. However, there are other differences:
Yacht Skipper
If you are looking for a more “professional” nautical title, and the PER is insufficient, obtaining the Yacht Skipper certificate is the best option.
To obtain the Yacht Skipper title, it is necessary to have obtained the immediately preceding title, in addition to passing a theoretical exam and completing 48 hours of certified safety and navigation practices. This certification grants authority over recreational boats, both motor and sail, up to 24 meters in length, enabling navigation in the coastal area and a parallel line to it, 150 nautical miles away, both day and night. It also provides the ability to operate jet skis within specific navigation restrictions related to their technical characteristics.
Yacht Captain
To obtain the Yacht Captain title, one must possess the Yacht Skipper certificate, pass a theoretical exam, and complete approved safety and navigation practices lasting 48 hours, as well as submit a psychophysical fitness report.
This nautical title allows the operation of recreational boats, whether motor or sail, with dimensions of up to 24 meters in length. This includes both daytime and nighttime navigation, as well as the command of jet skis, in accordance with specific navigation limitations related to their technical characteristics. The Yacht Captain certification is the most comprehensive of all the options available as it allows navigation without geographical limitations.
That concludes a brief overview of the existing nautical certifications. If you have any doubts or are in search of a boat or nautical advice, do not hesitate to consult our website and contact us.
